南京市2016届高三英语学情调研试卷及答案
江苏省南京市2016届高三年级学情调研卷
英语试卷
2015.9.10
第一部分 听力理解（共两小节：满分20分）
第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who got the man’s last ticket to Eason’s concert?
A. David B. Elena C. Vincent
2. Where are the speakers?
A. At home B. At a restaurant C. In a park
3. What does the man think of Baymax?
A. A boring film B. A dying robot C. A perfect companion
4. How will the woman probably go to the meeting?
A. By taxi B. By car C. By underground
5. Why is Sun Shaoping the woman’s hero?
A. Because his story is inspiring B. Because he is an ordinary man
C. because he lives a good life
第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How much did the man pay for the earphone?
A. 80 yuan B. 100 yuan C. 150yuan
7. Why did the man buy the earphone?
A. Because of the good quality B. Because of the low price
C. Because of the special color
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where should the students go if the fire alarm rings?
A. To the gym around the corner B. To the park behind the school
C. To the parking lot behind the gym
9. What may be the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and firefighters B. Teacher and principal
C. Teacher and student
10. Why does the woman have so many questions?
A. Because the woman is totally new at the school
B. Because the fire alarm is newly equipped at the school
C. Because there is a change in the fire alarm procedure.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What kind of phone does the man have?
A. A Samsung B. An iPhone C. An HTC
12. What does the woman mostly use her phone to do?
A. To text people B. To send Emails C. To make phone call
13. When does the woman have to go home?
A. In an hour. B. In three hours C. Tomorrow morning
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. To cut down the rent B. To decorate the window.
C. To replace the fridge
15. What is the man’s reply to the woman’s request?
A. He needs time to think about it.
B. He thinks it is impossible.
C. He can’t make the decision himself
16. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The woman hasn’t made the decision yet.
B. The man doesn’t know how much the rent is.
C. The woman doesn’t think the house is good.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many ways can a student hand in his homework in a paperless class?
A. One B. Two C. Three
18. Traditionally, how can a teacher comment on students’ homework?
A. Highlight something and make it red.
B. Circle something and write “spelling”
C. Change the color or the size of the words
19. Why do some students dislike the idea of handing in homework online?
A. They can slip a paper under the teacher’s door
B. They can’t have access to the account any more
C. They can’t get away with a delayed paper
20. What’s the advantage of a paperless class?
A. Quicker grading B. More encourage C. Fewer mistakes
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸将该选项涂黑。
21. According to the Gini Index, the degree of wealth concentration in China has risen by a third in the past 35 years and now is larger than __________ of the US.
A. this B. one C. that D. such
22. —What’s up, detective?
—I thought the case was off. Everything fell into __________ so perfectly. But I’m wrong.
A. place B. step C. pieces D. ruins
23. Have you heard of such an experiment __________ wine experts were fooled into thinking a cheap bottle of wine was an exceptional one with the labels changed?
A. as B. where C. that D. which
24. Some of our history were glorious, others best left in our historical records, never _________.
A. to repeat B. to be repeated
C. being repeated D. having been repeated
25. __________ speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”, the film has never been, in the full sense of the word, silent.
A. So accustomed are we to B. As we are so accustomed to
C. Accustomed as we are to D. Accustomed as are we to
26. Life doesn’t count for much __________ you’re willing to do your small part to leave our children a better world.
A. unless B. when C. though D. if
27. Since there is abundant food in the sea, it is understandable that some of the creatures that evolved on land __________ to the sea.
A. would have returned B. could have returned
C. might have returned D. should have returned
28. —Still, there are two more …
—__________. I’ve had enough of your excuses.
A. Cut it out. B. I beg to differ. C. Forget it. D. I mean it.
29. The stories are mirror images of places in my mind, where reality __________ fantasy.
A. respects B. represents C. meets D. marks
30. Older people still want to see classic performances, but they are obviously not the young generation’s __________.
A. piece of cake. B. hill of beans C. hot potatoes D. cup of tea
31. He was trying to write, but the continuous noise outside his window ________ him ________.
A. put; off B dropped; off C. drew; out D. let; out
32. We do not have the __________ and therefore cannot afford the latest computer software.
A. supplies B. facilities C. sources D. resources
33. —Haven’t seen him for a couple of days.
—He __________ preparations for the English speaking contest due to take place next week.
A. will make B. has made C. was making D. is making
34. Remember to read about any taboos related to clothing, especially if you plan to visit ______ are considered holy.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
35. I’m not talking about an aimless hope that’s little more than _________ optimism; I’m talking about hope as the spirit inside us.
A. great B. blind C. guarded D. cautious
第二节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选择中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。
The Beginning of Drama
There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the 36 that drama evolved from ritual( 宗教仪式). The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings 37 the natural forces of the world—even the seasonal changes—as unpredictable, and they sought through various means to 38 these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to
39 the desired results were then kept and repeated until they changed into 40 rituals.
41 stories arose which explained or masked the mysteries of the rituals. As times passed, some rituals were 42 , but the stories, later called myths, continued to exist and provided material for art and drama.
Those who believed that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rituals contained the 43 of theatre because music, dance, masks, and 44 were almost always used. 45 , a suitable site had to be provided for performances and 46 the entire community did not participate , a(n) 47 division was usually made between the “ area of acting “ and the “ area in which an audience sits ”. Besides, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was 48 to avoiding mistakes in the practice of rituals, religious leaders usually 49 that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often imitated (模仿) other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed (用哑剧表演出) the 50 effect—success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun— 51 an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representatives were separated from 52 activities.
Another theory traces the theater’s origin from the human interest in 53 . According to this view , tales about the hunt , war or other things are told and gradually spread. 54 through the use of action and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily gymnastic or that are 55 of animal movements and sounds.
36. A . background B. assumption C. evidence D. theory
37. A. viewed B. employed C. imagined D. dismissed
38. A. take B. possess C guarantee D. control
39. A. start B. show C. bring D. continue
40. A. usual B. direct C. convincing D. fixed
41 A. Apparently B. Actually C. Eventually D. Naturally
42. A. spread B. abandoned C. followed D. celebrated
43. A. seed B. content C. myth D. history
44. A. costumes B. routines C. instructions D. performances
45. A. As a result B. In fact C. On the contrary D. In addition
46 A. when B. although C. unless D while
47 A. deep B. equal C clear D extra
48. A.attached B. related C. committed D. tied
49. A. put up B. took up C. took on D. put on
50. A. unexpected B. unpredicted C. prepared D. desired
51. A. whenever B. as C. whatever D. so
52. A. social B. political C. economic D. religious
53. A. accounts B. story-telling C. descriptions D drama-writing
54. A. at that time B. at a time C. at first D. at once
55. A. imitations B. creatures C. presentations D. exhibitions
第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
There will come a time when you must decide to lead the life someone else has chosen for you… or the life you want.
According to legend, when a young boy asked the great Renaissance artist Michelangelo why he was working so hard hitting the block of marble that would eventually become his greatest sculpture, David, the artist replied, “Young man, there is an angel inside this rock, and I am setting him free.” In The Angel Inside, the well-known consultant and career coach Chris Widener uses Michelangelo’s words to explore the hidden potential that exists within us all.
In this unforgettable tale, Tom Cook, a disillusioned（幻想破灭的）American businessman, has traveled to Italy looking for direction in his life. In Florence, the last city on his tour, Tom meets a mysterious old man who opens his eyes to the art and life of Michelangelo and reveals what the artist’s work can teach him — and all of us — about the power of following your passion.
Whether you are looking for a way to reinvigorate your career or searching for the courage to begin a new one, The Angel Inside is a must-read if you want to find true meaning in your life and work.
The break-out business story that’s already sold more than 70,000 copies, The Angel Inside tells the story of a young man searching for meaning in his work and finding it in an unlikely place: the life and art of Michelangelo.
Advance Praise for The Angel Inside
“The Angel Inside is a powerfully simple story that helps you discover your potential for a passionate life!”
— John C. Maxwell, author, speaker and founder of INJOY Stewardship Services and EQUIP
“ Chris Widener’s The Angel Inside is a short read that is long on wisdom for life. Take an hour and a half of your time and delve into this truly meaningful book. It will captivate you from beginning to end, but more importantly, it will help you create your own life of power and beauty.”
—Jim Rohn
“ A very special one-day relationship between a wise mentor and his struggling but eager protégé. What a delightful story for everyone to read, and from which to benefit greatly!”
— Bob Burg
“ The Angel Inside” is truly one of the most inspiring, encouraging motivational books I have ever read. Once I got started, I found it impossible to stop reading. And I say this as a man who has never read friction; I’ve always said that when I get all of the truth, then I’ll start reading fiction. It was a wonderful thrill to read a work of fiction that contains an enormous amount of truth and encouragement.”
— Zig Ziglar
56. What is probably the theme of the book The Angel Inside?
A. Following your passion
B. Recommending a new career
C. Solving the mysteries in life
D. Starting with action
57. What does the underlined word “captivate” mean?
A. Instruct B. Attract C. Prevent D. Convince
58. What does Zig Ziglar mainly want to tell us?
A. Before reading fiction, it’s necessary to get all the truth.
B. The Angel Inside is a thrilling work of science fiction.
C. Fiction contains lots of truth and encouragement.
D. Readers can benefit a lot from The Angel Inside.
B
The first time we started using it, we thought it would just be a bit of fun, a one-time thing.
__A__
“Let’s just give it a try,” my fiancée said. I was a bit nervous, but I knew some of our friends were already into it, and they said it was fine and that I should relax because everyone was doing it.“OK,” I agreed, convinced it would be harmless.
___B___
Before long, we were using it once a week. Then it became twice a week. We went from using it after work to using it in the mornings, and then at lunchtime, too.
Suddenly we reached a point where we were using it every day. Even when I wasn’t using it, I was thinking about using it. ___C___
That’s when I realized the terrible truth. We couldn’t stop.
Dear readers, it shames me to admit it, but I am an addict of online shopping site Taobao.
And I don"t think I’m the only one. __D__
I see the telltale signs every where: People with bags under their eyes, clearly exhausted after staying up late browsing items they might one day need (but probably won’t)，like the 1940s leather aviator cap I bought in the event I ever need to become an aviator in the 1940s. I see co-workers furtively (偷偷摸摸地）sneaking down to the mailroom, eyes darting around suspiciously.
I know what"s going through your mind as you read this.
“This isn’t me，” you’re thinking, “I can stop anytime I want.”
But can you?
In China you can get same day delivery for just about anything you buy online. In Australia, my home country, the same item would take weeks to arrive.
“It"s the convenience,' I said to my fiancée. “That’s why we"re hooked.”
But is that convenience worth the risk of waking up one morning to discover you’ve been buried alive in masses of brand new women’s shoes?
In my case it’s probably not, especially because I suspect my fiancée won’t realize I"m missing until weeks later, when my credit card stops working and I"ve long since expired.
So what can you do to battle this terrible addiction?
Never fear, dear readers, because I"ve created a special five-step list to help you stop online shopping.
Step one: Acknowledge you have a problem. Resist buying adult-sized, Star Wars Stormtrooper outfit on Taobao. You don’t really need it.
Step two: Try not to feel guilty about buying adult-sized, Star Wars Stormtrooper outfit on Taobao.
Step three: Put the computer and smartphone away, get back to nature, and take a walk in the park.
Step four: Try not to feel guilty about buying a new outfit for your walk in the park. I mean, it was on sale, right?
Step five: Buying a book on how to quit Taobao...from Taobao.
On second thoughts, maybe don’t listen to me, after all.
59. Where should the sentence “I have never been so wrong in my entire life.” be put in the passage?
A. In blank A. B. In blank B. C. In blank C. D. In blank
60. The author writes the underlined paragraph to show ________.
A. Taobao is a popular and successful online shopping site
B. online shopping is an effective way to help relax
C. people today are fond of the 1940s leather aviator cap
D. quite a lot of people are hooked on online shopping
61. The author concludes this passage with a tone of________.
A. confidence and optimism
B. disappointment and disapproval
C. uncertainty and humor
C. uncertainty and humor
D. confusion and sympathy
You’re probably aware of the basic trends. The financial rewards to education have increased over the past few decades, but men fail to benefit.
In elementary and high school, male academic performance is lagging. Boys earn three-quarters of the D’s and F’s. By college, men are clearly behind. Only 40 percent of bachelor’s degree go to men, along with 40 percent of master’s degree.
Thanks to their lower skills, men are dropping out of the labor force. In 1954, 96 percent of the American men between the ages of 25 and 54 worked. Today, that number is down to 80 percent. In Friday"s jobs report, male labor force participation reached an all-time low.
Millions of men are collecting disability benefits. Even many of those who do have a job are doing poorly. According to Michael Greenstone of the Hamilton Project, annual earnings for average prime-age males have dropped by 28 percent over the past 40 years.
Men still dominate (主宰) the top of the corporate ladder because many women take time off to raise children, but women lead or are gaining nearly everywhere else. Women in their 20s outearn men in their 20s. Twelve out of the 15 fastest-growing professions are dominated by women.
Over the years, many of us have employed a certain theory to explain men"s economic decline. It is that the information-age economy rewards qualities that women are more likely to possess.
To succeed today, you have to be able to sit still and focus attention in school at an early age. You have to be emotionally sensitive and aware of context. You have to communicate smoothly. For genetic and cultural reasons, many men are not good at these.
But, in her fascinating new book, The End of Men, Hanna Rosin suggests a different theory. It has to do with adaptability. Women, Rosin argues, are like immigrants (移民) who have moved to a new country. They see a new social context, and they flexibly adapt to .new circumstances. Men are like immigrants who have physically moved to a new country but who have kept their minds in the old one. They speak the old language. They follow the old customs. Men are more likely to be rigid; women are more fluid.
This theory has less to do with born qualities and more to do with social position. When there’s big social change, the people who were on the top of the old order are bound to stick to the old ways. The people who were on the bottom are bound to experience a burst of energy. They are going to explore their new surroundings more enthusiastically.
Rosin reports from working-class Alabama. The women she meets are flooding into new jobs and new opportunities — going back to college, pursuing new careers. The men are waiting around for the jobs left and are never coming back. They are strangely immune (免疫的）to new options. In the Auburn-Opelika region, the average female income is 140 percent of the average male income.
Rosin is not saying that women are winners in a global gender (性别) war or that they are doing super simply because men are doing worse. She"s just saying women are adapting to today’s economy more flexibly than men. There’s a lot of evidence to support her case.
A study by the National Federation of Independent Business found that small businesses owned by women outperformed male-owned small business during the last recession (衰退). In finance, women who switch firms are more likely to see their performance improve, whereas men are likely to see theirs decline. There"s even evidence that women are better able to adjust to divorce. Today, more women than men see their incomes rise by 25 percent after a marital breakup.
Forty years ago, men and women stuck to certain theory, what it meant to be a man or a woman. Young women today, Rosin argues, have abandoned both feminist (女权主义者）and prefeminist preconceptions. Men still stick to the masculinity (大男子主义的）rules, which limit their vision and their movement.
If she"s right, then men will have to acknowledge that they are strangers in a strange land.
62. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Male labor force participation has declined by 80% since 1954.
B. More men than women take time off to raise children now.
C. Good communication is one of the qualities that women possess.
D. Men are still taking most top and fastest-growing professions.
63. In Hanna Rosin’s opinion, male performance is falling behind because _______.
A. men are less likely to sit still and focus in school at early age
B. men are more rigid and less able to adapt to new circumstances
C. women are doing better for genetic and cultural reasons
D. it is more and more difficult for men to get bachelor’s degree
64. What is the passage intended to convey?
A. The differences between men and women.
B. The reasons why men do no better than women.
C. The social status of men and women.
D. The reasons why men fail compared with women.
It appears that the police now have a device that can read license plates and check if a car is unregistered, uninsured or stolen. We already know that National Security Agency can dip into your Facebook page and Google searches. And it seems that almost every store we go into these days wants your home phone number and ZIP code as part of any transaction (交易）.
So when Edward Snowden — now cooling his heels in Russia — revealed the extent to which the NSA is spying on Americans, collecting data on phone calls we make, it"s not as if we should have been surprised. We live in a world that George Orwell predicted in 1984. And that realization has caused sales of the 1949, dystopian (反乌托邦）novel to spike dramatically upward recently — a 9,000% increase at one point on Amazon. com.
Comparisons between Orwell’s novel about a tightly controlled totalitarian (极权主义的） future ruled by the ubiquitous (无所在的）Big Brother and today are, in fact, quite similar. Here are a few of the most obvious ones.
Telescreens — in the novel, nearly all public and private places have large TV screens that broadcast government propaganda (宣传), news and approved entertainment. But they are also two-way monitors that spy on citizens, private lives. Today websites like Facebook track our likes and dislikes, and governments and private individuals hack into our computers and find out what they want to know. Then there are the ever-present surveillance (监控) cameras that spy on the ordinary people as they go about their daily routine.
The endless war — In Orwell’s book, there"s global war that has been going on seemingly forever, and as the book"s hero, Winston Smith, realizes the enemy keeps changing. One week we’re at war with Eastasia and friends with Eurasia. The next week, it"s just the opposite. There seems little to distinguish the two adversaries (对手), and they are used primarily to keep the people of Oceania, where Smith lives, in a constant state of fear, thereby making disagreement unthinkable — or punishable. Today we have the so-called war on terror, with no end in sight, a generalized societal fear, suspension of certain civil liberties, and an ill-defined enemy who could be anywhere, and anything.
Newspeak — the fictional, stripped-down English language, used to limit free thought. OMG (Oh my God), RU (Are you) serious? That"s so FUBAR (Fucked Beyond Ail Recognition). LMAO (Laugh My Ass Off).
Memory hole — this is the machine used in the book to change or disappear embarrassing documents. Paper shredders (碎纸机） had been invented, but were hardly used when Orwell wrote his book, and the concept of wiping out a hard drive was years in the future. But the memory hole foretold both technologies.
So what’s it all meant? In 1984, Winston Smith, after an intense round of ^behavioral modification” — read: torture— learns to love Big Brother, and the difficult world he was born into. Jump forward to today, it seems we"ve willingly given up all sorts of freedoms, and much of our right to privacy. Fears of terrorism have a lot to do with this, but dizzying advances in technology, and the ubiquity of social media, play a big part.
There are those who say that if you don"t have anything to hide, you have nothing to be afraid of. But the fact is, when a government agency can monitor everyone"s phone calls, we have all become suspects. This is one of the most frightening aspects of our modem society. And even more frightening is the fact that we have gone so far down the street, there is probably no turning back. Unless you spend your life in a wilderness cabin, totally off the grid, there is simply no way the government won’t have information about you stored away somewhere.
What this means, unfortunately, is that we are all Winston Smith. And Big Brother is the modem surveillance state.
65. What caused 1984 to sell well on Amazon.com?
A. The fact that authorities have access to our personal information.
B. The worry that our government agencies can monitor our phones.
C. The surprise at how Americans are spied on by the government.
D. The similarities between the world we live in and that of 1984.
66. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. When Orwell wrote 1984, paper shredders didn"t exist.
B. Winston Smith loves Big Brother due to the fears of terrorism.
C. Telescreens arc used to broadcast and spy on citizens’ privacy.
D. The war with Eastasia makes people in Oceania fearful.
67. What docs the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 8 refer to?
A. Willingness to abandon freedom and privacy.
B. Addiction to social media.
C. A round of “behavioral modification”.
D. The phone calls being monitored.
68. The underlined part in the passage replies that _______.
A. we are walking along the street too far to go back home
B. it is impossible for us to return to our initial path
C. if s very difficult for us to change the current situation
D. the government can find out which street we are going down
69. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. We’re living “1984” today.
B. Big Brother is watching you.
C. We are all Winston Smith.
D. The NSA is spying on Americans.
70. What is the writer"s attitude towards the phenomenon?
A. Optimistic. B. Concerned. C. Angry. D. Enthusiastic.
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
When it comes to being socially successful, the quantity of your relationships is irrelevant. The important thing is the quality of them. I would rather have a small team that works in concert than a big team so scattered（分散的）that nothing ever gets done. It’s better to have a few close friends who love you for who you are than a lot of acquaintances who you’re not so comfortable with.
Here are five ways you can make people enjoy being around you.
1. Be confident, but not cocky.
There is a big difference between healthy confidence and arrogant（傲慢的）cockiness. A confident person, when complimented about a wonderful thing they did, would reply with a simple “thank you.” A cocky person would take the opportunity to perform an unscheduled Academy Award acceptance speech. A confident person would offer praise for everybody who contributed to their success. A cocky person would claim all the credit for themselves without a second thought. Cocky people might experience temporary perks, but long-lasting success is a prize reserved for the confident.
2. Be approachable, but not a pushover.
You should welcome your friends and coworkers with open arms. It’s hard to find a person who will offer a listening ear in time of need, so fulfilling that need will help you become a person people trust. But there can be too much of a good thing. If you find yourself with invitations you’re not that interested in, don’t be afraid to politely reject them. If your schedule becomes occupied by people desiring your attention, set some ground rules and prioritize（优先考虑）. To take care of others, you must first take care of yourself.
3. Be direct in expression, but not nasty in delivery.
Receiving honesty with no filter （过滤）is like finding a massive glass of ice water during a desert adventure. Speak words of truth, and people will be refreshed to hear them. Most people sugarcoat their opinions, so a willingness to tell it how you see it will win the appreciation of your friends and coworkers. But here’s the catch: delivery is everything. There is a big difference between “Your article sucks”and “I like the general concept, but I think it might play better if you try if from a different angle.” Truth is something you should aim for, but it isn’t a ticket to be nasty to people. To deliver honest and helpful feedback, use this sentence structure: “ I liked (insert positive quality), but I think it would be better if (constructive criticism/ suggestion for improvement).”
4. Be mindful of your actions, but not absorbed in yourself.
Have you ever found yourself nervous while fielding questions in a job interview or talking to a cute person you have a crush on? So eager to make a positive first impression that you can’t escape the constant stream of thoughts causing you to doubt if you’re saying and doing the right things? As a consequence, you might find yourself so self-absorbed that you can’t focus on what the other person is saying. The less time you spend questioning yourself and the more time you spend actively listening to the other person, the better off you will be.
5. Be assertive, but not overbearing.
There is a thin line between being assertive and overbearing, so let’s take a look at their definitions.
as·ser·tive (adjective): having or showing a confident and forceful personally
o·ver·bear·ing (adjective): unpleasantly or arrogantly domineering （专横的）
An assertive person would confidently (and politely) ask friends or networking contacts for help if they needed it (and hopefully offer to return the favor). An overbearing person would force people to get what they wanted without a second thought about how their actions affected others. Being overbearing will make people avoid you because no one wants to help a pushy person.
Being assertive will attract people to you, if you can reflect confidence and enthusiasm.
C
You’re probably aware of the basic trends. The financial rewards to education have increased over the past few decades, but men fail to benefit.
In elementary and high school, male academic performance is lagging. Boys earn three-quarters of the D’s and F’s. By college, men are clearly behind. Only 40 percent of bachelor’s degree go to men, along with 40 percent of master’s degree.
Thanks to their lower skills, men are dropping out of the labor force. In 1954, 96 percent of the American men between the ages of 25 and 54 worked. Today, that number is down to 80 percent. In Friday"s jobs report, male labor force participation reached an all-time low.
Millions of men are collecting disability benefits. Even many of those who do have a job are doing poorly. According to Michael Greenstone of the Hamilton Project, annual earnings for average prime-age males have dropped by 28 percent over the past 40 years.
Men still dominate (主宰) the top of the corporate ladder because many women take time off to raise children, but women lead or are gaining nearly everywhere else. Women in their 20s outearn men in their 20s. Twelve out of the 15 fastest-growing professions are dominated by women.
Over the years, many of us have employed a certain theory to explain men"s economic decline. It is that the information-age economy rewards qualities that women are more likely to possess.
To succeed today, you have to be able to sit still and focus attention in school at an early age. You have to be emotionally sensitive and aware of context. You have to communicate smoothly. For genetic and cultural reasons, many men are not good at these.
But, in her fascinating new book, The End of Men, Hanna Rosin suggests a different theory. It has to do with adaptability. Women, Rosin argues, are like immigrants (移民) who have moved to a new country. They see a new social context, and they flexibly adapt to .new circumstances. Men are like immigrants who have physically moved to a new country but who have kept their minds in the old one. They speak the old language. They follow the old customs. Men are more likely to be rigid; women are more fluid.
This theory has less to do with born qualities and more to do with social position. When there’s big social change, the people who were on the top of the old order are bound to stick to the old ways. The people who were on the bottom are bound to experience a burst of energy. They are going to explore their new surroundings more enthusiastically.
Rosin reports from working-class Alabama. The women she meets are flooding into new jobs and new opportunities — going back to college, pursuing new careers. The men are waiting around for the jobs left and are never coming back. They are strangely immune (免疫的）to new options. In the Auburn-Opelika region, the average female income is 140 percent of the average male income.
Rosin is not saying that women are winners in a global gender (性别) war or that they are doing super simply because men are doing worse. She"s just saying women are adapting to today’s economy more flexibly than men. There’s a lot of evidence to support her case.
A study by the National Federation of Independent Business found that small businesses owned by women outperformed male-owned small business during the last recession (衰退). In finance, women who switch firms are more likely to see their performance improve, whereas men are likely to see theirs decline. There"s even evidence that women are better able to adjust to divorce. Today, more women than men see their incomes rise by 25 percent after a marital breakup.
Forty years ago, men and women stuck to certain theory, what it meant to be a man or a woman. Young women today, Rosin argues, have abandoned both feminist (女权主义者）and prefeminist preconceptions. Men still stick to the masculinity (大男子主义的）rules, which limit their vision and their movement.
If she"s right, then men will have to acknowledge that they are strangers in a strange land.
62. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Male labor force participation has declined by 80% since 1954.
B. More men than women take time off to raise children now.
C. Good communication is one of the qualities that women possess.
D. Men are still taking most top and fastest-growing professions.
63. In Hanna Rosin’s opinion, male performance is falling behind because _______.
A. men are less likely to sit still and focus in school at early age
B. men are more rigid and less able to adapt to new circumstances
C. women are doing better for genetic and cultural reasons
D. it is more and more difficult for men to get bachelor’s degree
64. What is the passage intended to convey?
A. The differences between men and women.
B. The reasons why men do no better than women.
C. The social status of men and women.
D. The reasons why men fail compared with women.
D
It appears that the police now have a device that can read license plates and check if a car is unregistered, uninsured or stolen. We already know that National Security Agency can dip into your Facebook page and Google searches. And it seems that almost every store we go into these days wants your home phone number and ZIP code as part of any transaction (交易）.
So when Edward Snowden — now cooling his heels in Russia — revealed the extent to which the NSA is spying on Americans, collecting data on phone calls we make, it"s not as if we should have been surprised. We live in a world that George Orwell predicted in 1984. And that realization has caused sales of the 1949, dystopian (反乌托邦）novel to spike dramatically upward recently — a 9,000% increase at one point on Amazon. com.
Comparisons between Orwell’s novel about a tightly controlled totalitarian (极权主义的） future ruled by the ubiquitous (无所在的）Big Brother and today are, in fact, quite similar. Here are a few of the most obvious ones.
Telescreens — in the novel, nearly all public and private places have large TV screens that broadcast government propaganda (宣传), news and approved entertainment. But they are also two-way monitors that spy on citizens, private lives. Today websites like Facebook track our likes and dislikes, and governments and private individuals hack into our computers and find out what they want to know. Then there are the ever-present surveillance (监控) cameras that spy on the ordinary people as they go about their daily routine.
The endless war — In Orwell’s book, there"s global war that has been going on seemingly forever, and as the book"s hero, Winston Smith, realizes the enemy keeps changing. One week we’re at war with Eastasia and friends with Eurasia. The next week, it"s just the opposite. There seems little to distinguish the two adversaries (对手), and they are used primarily to keep the people of Oceania, where Smith lives, in a constant state of fear, thereby making disagreement unthinkable — or punishable. Today we have the so-called war on terror, with no end in sight, a generalized societal fear, suspension of certain civil liberties, and an ill-defined enemy who could be anywhere, and anything.
Newspeak — the fictional, stripped-down English language, used to limit free thought. OMG (Oh my God), RU (Are you) serious? That"s so FUBAR (Fucked Beyond Ail Recognition). LMAO (Laugh My Ass Off).
Memory hole — this is the machine used in the book to change or disappear embarrassing documents. Paper shredders (碎纸机） had been invented, but were hardly used when Orwell wrote his book, and the concept of wiping out a hard drive was years in the future. But the memory hole foretold both technologies.
So what’s it all meant? In 1984, Winston Smith, after an intense round of ^behavioral modification” — read: torture— learns to love Big Brother, and the difficult world he was born into. Jump forward to today, it seems we"ve willingly given up all sorts of freedoms, and much of our right to privacy. Fears of terrorism have a lot to do with this, but dizzying advances in technology, and the ubiquity of social media, play a big part.
There are those who say that if you don"t have anything to hide, you have nothing to be afraid of. But the fact is, when a government agency can monitor everyone"s phone calls, we have all become suspects. This is one of the most frightening aspects of our modem society. And even more frightening is the fact that we have gone so far down the street, there is probably no turning back. Unless you spend your life in a wilderness cabin, totally off the grid, there is simply no way the government won’t have information about you stored away somewhere.
What this means, unfortunately, is that we are all Winston Smith. And Big Brother is the modem surveillance state.
65. What caused 1984 to sell well on Amazon.com?
A. The fact that authorities have access to our personal information.
B. The worry that our government agencies can monitor our phones.
C. The surprise at how Americans are spied on by the government.
D. The similarities between the world we live in and that of 1984.
66. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. When Orwell wrote 1984, paper shredders didn"t exist.
B. Winston Smith loves Big Brother due to the fears of terrorism.
C. Telescreens arc used to broadcast and spy on citizens’ privacy.
D. The war with Eastasia makes people in Oceania fearful.
67. What docs the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 8 refer to?
A. Willingness to abandon freedom and privacy.
B. Addiction to social media.
C. A round of “behavioral modification”.
D. The phone calls being monitored.
68. The underlined part in the passage replies that _______.
A. we are walking along the street too far to go back home
B. it is impossible for us to return to our initial path
C. if s very difficult for us to change the current situation
D. the government can find out which street we are going down
69. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. We’re living “1984” today.
B. Big Brother is watching you.
C. We are all Winston Smith.
D. The NSA is spying on Americans.
70. What is the writer"s attitude towards the phenomenon?
A. Optimistic. B. Concerned. C. Angry. D. Enthusiastic.
第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
When it comes to being socially successful, the quantity of your relationships is irrelevant. The important thing is the quality of them. I would rather have a small team that works in concert than a big team so scattered（分散的）that nothing ever gets done. It’s better to have a few close friends who love you for who you are than a lot of acquaintances who you’re not so comfortable with.
Here are five ways you can make people enjoy being around you.
1. Be confident, but not cocky.
There is a big difference between healthy confidence and arrogant（傲慢的）cockiness. A confident person, when complimented about a wonderful thing they did, would reply with a simple “thank you.” A cocky person would take the opportunity to perform an unscheduled Academy Award acceptance speech. A confident person would offer praise for everybody who contributed to their success. A cocky person would claim all the credit for themselves without a second thought. Cocky people might experience temporary perks, but long-lasting success is a prize reserved for the confident.
2. Be approachable, but not a pushover.
You should welcome your friends and coworkers with open arms. It’s hard to find a person who will offer a listening ear in time of need, so fulfilling that need will help you become a person people trust. But there can be too much of a good thing. If you find yourself with invitations you’re not that interested in, don’t be afraid to politely reject them. If your schedule becomes occupied by people desiring your attention, set some ground rules and prioritize（优先考虑）. To take care of others, you must first take care of yourself.
3. Be direct in expression, but not nasty in delivery.
Receiving honesty with no filter （过滤）is like finding a massive glass of ice water during a desert adventure. Speak words of truth, and people will be refreshed to hear them. Most people sugarcoat their opinions, so a willingness to tell it how you see it will win the appreciation of your friends and coworkers. But here’s the catch: delivery is everything. There is a big difference between “Your article sucks”and “I like the general concept, but I think it might play better if you try if from a different angle.” Truth is something you should aim for, but it isn’t a ticket to be nasty to people. To deliver honest and helpful feedback, use this sentence structure: “ I liked (insert positive quality), but I think it would be better if (constructive criticism/ suggestion for improvement).”
4. Be mindful of your actions, but not absorbed in yourself.
Have you ever found yourself nervous while fielding questions in a job interview or talking to a cute person you have a crush on? So eager to make a positive first impression that you can’t escape the constant stream of thoughts causing you to doubt if you’re saying and doing the right things? As a consequence, you might find yourself so self-absorbed that you can’t focus on what the other person is saying. The less time you spend questioning yourself and the more time you spend actively listening to the other person, the better off you will be.
5. Be assertive, but not overbearing.
There is a thin line between being assertive and overbearing, so let’s take a look at their definitions.
as·ser·tive (adjective): having or showing a confident and forceful personally
o·ver·bear·ing (adjective): unpleasantly or arrogantly domineering （专横的）
An assertive person would confidently (and politely) ask friends or networking contacts for help if they needed it (and hopefully offer to return the favor). An overbearing person would force people to get what they wanted without a second thought about how their actions affected others. Being overbearing will make people avoid you because no one wants to help a pushy person.
Being assertive will attract people to you, if you can reflect confidence and enthusiasm.
Five Secrets of Socially Successfully People
Outline | Details |
Brief introduction | The quality fo your relationship 72._________ whether you can be socially successful. Having a few truly close friends is what really 73. ________ |
71._________ to make people enjoy being around you | ● The responses of confident and cocky people 74._________when they are highly thought of for what they do. Learn to be confident. |
● Listening to others in need helps you win 75.__________. ● Turning down 76.__________ you show no interest in is acceptable | |
● You will be appreciated if you express your opinions in a 77.___________ manner. | |
● Be mindful of your actions. wanting 78.__________ to impress others will cause you to fall into self-absorption. | |
● By 79.__________ their definitions, you will see the differences between “assertive” and “overbearing”. Being overbearing will make people avoid you 80.__________ being assertive will attract people to you. |
第五部分 书面表达（满分25分）
81. 请阅读下面短文，并按要求以Our Life Rests on Our Choice为题，用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
Life is a matter of choice. Seemingly, it means a choice of concrete (具体的) things. But in fact, it means choosing a way of life. Life is to be lived and enjoyed, not to be wasted or complained about.
Hardly can we forget the time when our society faced the threat from the life-and death disease --- SARS. Yet, even during those dreadful times, some suffering people remained optimistic. Instead of wearing white masks, some people turned to colorful ones, and thus displayed a happy mood. And some creative people dubbed SARS to mean “SMILE AND REMAIN SMILING.” People who survive these kinds of circumstances decide in their minds to carry on in spite of the hardships.
Although we cannot choose our appearance, inborn gifts and even avoid unexpected disasters and adversities (逆境), we do have the right to choose to live optimistically, to love our lives, to have dreams, and to cherish hopes.
Every morning when we get up, we have a choice of how we want to approach life that day.
【写作内容】
1. 用约30个单词写出上文的概要；
2. 用约120个词就“Our Life Rests on Our Choice” 谈谈你的看法和感受，内容包括：
（1）简要叙述你对“Our Life Rests on Our Choice”的理解；
（2）请举例说明你会选择怎样的人生态度；
（3）简要叙述你这样选择的理由。（至少2点）
【写作要求】
1. 阐述观点或提供论据时，不能直接饮用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
南京市2016届高三年级学情调研卷
2015.09
英语参考答案
第一部分 听力理解（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A
11. B 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. A
第二部分 英语知识运用（共35小题；每小题1分，满分35分）
21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D
31. A 32. D 33. D 34. C 35. B
36. B 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. D 41. C 42. B 43. A 44. A 45. D
46. A 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. B 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. A
第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
56. A 57. B 58. D 59. B 60. D 61. C 62. C 63. B 64. D 65. D
66. C 67. A 68. C 69. A 70. B
第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
71. How/Ways 72. determines /decides 73. counts/matters
74. vary/differ 75. trust 76. invitations
77. direct 78. badly/eagerly/desperately/anxiously
79. comparing/analyzing 80. while
第五部分 书面表达（满分25分）
One possible version
Our Life Rests on Our Choice
Faced with disasters and adversities, some people choose to stay optimistic and determine to carry on regardless of the hardships. Life, to some extent, rests on our choice.
Life is full of ups and downs. When the time comes for us to make choices, we should be aware of the importance of a positive attitude. A positive attitude somehow resembles the sail of a ship, which offers us the right direction.
As a teenager, it is of great significance to take a positive attitude towards life. To stay energetic, I will stick to an exercise schedule. I will also keep myself informed of the current events and communicate more with others, becoming socially connected.
All these mentioned above will be beneficial for me to grow into an optimistic and confident young man. Only by doing so can I fit in society more easily and stay motivated towards a better life. (150 words)
书面表达评分建议
一、评分原则
1． 本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。
2． 评分时，可先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3． 概要少于20词或多于40词；全文少于130词或多于180词的，从总分中酌情减去1-2分。
4． 评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、运用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。
5． 拼写和标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
6． 如字迹难以辨认，以致影响表达，将分数降低一个档次。
二、评分要点
1. 概要；
2. 简要叙述你对“Our Life Rests on Our Choice”的理解；
3. 请举例说明你会选择怎样的人生态度；
4. 简要叙述你这样选择的理由。（至少2点）
三、各档次的给分范围和要求
第五档 | 完全完成了试题规定的任务。 l 覆盖所有内容要点。 l 语法结构和词汇有个别小错误，但为尽量使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。 l 有效地使用了衔接手段，全文结构紧凑，内容连贯。 完全达到了预期的写作目的。 |
（很好） （21—25分） | |
第四档 | 完成了试题规定的任务。 l 虽漏掉一、二个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。 l 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 l 语法结构和词汇方面应用基本准确，少许错误主要是因为尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。 l 应用简单的语句间的衔接手段，全文结构紧凑，内容较连贯。 达到了预期的写作目的。 |
（好） （16—20分） | |
第三档 | 基本完成了试题规定的任务。 l 虽漏掉一些内容，但基本覆盖主要内容。 l 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 l 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。 l 应用简单的衔接手段，内容基本连贯。 整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。 |
（中等） （11—15分） | |
第二档 | 未恰当完成试题规定的任务。 l 漏掉或未清楚描述某些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。 l 语法结构单一，所用词汇有限。 l 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对所写内容的理解。 l 较少使用衔接手段，内容缺少连贯性。 信息未能清楚地传达给读者。 |
（较差） （6—10分） | |
第一档 | 未完成试题规定的任务。 l 明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容。 l 语法结构单一，所用词汇不当。 l 有较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响内容理解。 l 缺乏语句间的衔接手段，内容不连贯。 信息未能传达给读者。 |
（差） （1—5分） | |
0分 | 未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；所写内容均与试题要求内容无关或无法看清。 |
听力录音稿
Text 1
W: Do you have extra tickets to Eason’s concert, David?
M: No, sorry, Elena. I sold my last one to Vincent this morning.
Text2
M: You know, this is one of my favorite places.
W: Yeah! It’s really fantastic. The food is great and the service is just perfect.
Text3
M: Do you find the film Big Hero 6 a little bit boring?
W: Why? It can be anything but boring. Baymax is such a perfect companion. I am dying to have a robot friend like him myself.
Text4
W: Oh, my! Look at the rain! It would be impossible for me to get a taxi to the meeting! Can you give me a ride there?
M: I’d like to. But I am afraid that I may fail to send you there in time in case there is a terrible traffic jam in such a rain. You’d better go by underground.
Text5
M: Jenny, have you ever read the novel The Ordinary World by Lu Yao?
W: Yes, of course. The novel itself is really inspiring. Sun Shaoping is really my hero. He is strong-minded and manages to fight out of the ordinary.
M: Yeah, it appears to me that nothing can change his mind of working hard for a better life.
W: I can’t agree more.
Text6
W: Hi, there!
M: I am thinking of getting an earphone for my father’s 40th birthday. You know, my father enjoys listening to music. And his earphone doesn’t work quite well.
W: Ah. It happened that we have some discounts on earphone. Look at this white one. The original price is 100 yuan, but we have a 20% discount.
M: The price is OK. But my father doesn’t really like white. How about that black one?
W: 150 yuan.
M: Can I have a discount?
W: No. I am afraid not. That’s the final price.
M: OK! Can I have a try? Hmm, the sound quality is great and it is comfortable to wear. I will take it. Can you pack it for me?
W: Yes, of course.
Text7
M: Are you ready for your first day here, Ms. Thomson?
W: I think so. But I do have a question about the fire alarm. What should I do if it rings?
M: First, give your students some instructions. Tell them to exit the classroom and walk as a class to the parking lot behind the gym.
W: Should they bring their backpacks?
M: It si not necessary. Student safety comes first.
W: OK. What should I bring when I leave the classroom?
M: Be sure to bring your attendance sheet. Once we get to the parking lot, we need to figure out if everyone is there.
W: Why is that necessary?
M: Well, if ti were a real emergency, we would need to know if there were still any students in the building. If it were a drill, students man take advantage of it and enjoy themselves in the park behind the school or the coffee shop around the corner.
W: I see. Thanks a lot.
Text8
M: Hey! Nice phone!
W: Yeah! It’s pretty cool.
M: Is that the newest Samsung?
W: Yes. Want to check it out?
M: Sure! I have been thinking about switching from my iPhone. I don’t know if I want an HTC or one like yours.
W: I think this one is the best. Look what I can do on it — I can type by just sliding my finger around the keyboard to the right letters.
M: That’s called Swype, and it has been around for a while.
W: Well, it’s new to me! This is going to make texting so much easier. I text more than I e-mail or call.
M: What about the new feature? I heard this phone has a great display and better services.
W: Oh, I don’t know about those. But the Swype feature is the best!
M: Well! Can I borrow your phone and keep it until tomorrow morning? I want to play around with it.
W: You can use it for an hour.
M: That’s not enough time!
W: Well, I have to go home in three hours, so take it of leave it.
Text9
W: Hi, Mr. Johnson? I’m Mrs. Smith. The house is for rent, right?
M: Yes. Come in and take a look at this place. With the nearest underground station only five minutes’ walk away, it is really convenient.
W: That’s right. Wow! You’ ve got a new fridge in the kitchen.
M: Yes. And 24-hour hot water for the bathroom.
W: This must be the bedroom. Oh, my God! I love that beautiful window. The sunshine is really fantastic.
M: I’m glad to hear that, Mrs. Smith. And it is really quiet here.
W: That’s good. Your advertisement says the rent is 1250 yuan a month, right? Is it possible for you to give me a discount on the rent?
M: I am sorry, but I really can’t decide it. Talk to the owner of the house directly and he will be here tomorrow.
W: Thanks anyway. I’d like to talk it over with my husband this evening. After all, it’s a good place.
Text10
A paperless class means that teachers don’t use paper in or after class. All of the students’ assignments are posted on a web page, so for each of their papers or essays they have to write, students can just go online and read the descriptions of the assignment and all their requirements, and then they can type them up and e-mail them. They can also type them up directly on the web. In this way, a teacher can do all the grading for the papers online. It’s easier for teachers because they can just highlight something and make it red or whatever. It’s much quicker than the traditional way of circling it and writing “spelling”. Once teachers get into the habit of doing it with a mouse, it goes very quickly, and they can also make comments by changing the color or the size of the words, and type directly. Most of the students like it, but there is a small minority who don’t. When they are late, or whenever they want to just slip a paper under the teacher’s door, they can’t do that, because if their paper is later, the computer doesn’t lie. The delayed papers will be honestly marked out.