河南省2015届高三英语入学定位考试试卷及答案（名校）
河南省顶级名校2015届高三年级入学定位考试
英语试卷
第一部分 阅读理解（20*2=40）
A
Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.
Recently, two researchers, Jose Milan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person’s thoughts.
In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.
“Our brain has billions of nerve cells. These send signals through the spinal cord （脊髓）to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”
The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.
Prof. Milan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”
He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.
1. BCI is a technology that can ________.
A. help to update computer systems
B. link the human brain with computers
C. help the disabled to recover
D. control a person"s thoughts
2. How' did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory? A. By controlling his muscles. B. By talking to the machine.
C. By moving his hand. D. By using his mind.
3. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?
A. scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair
B. computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair
C. scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair
D. cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair
4. The team will test with real patients to ________.
A. make profits from them B. prove the technology useful to them
C. make them live longer D. learn about their physical condition
5. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. Switzerland, the BCI Research Center
B. New Findings About How the Human Brain Works
C. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled
D. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries
B
In the fall of 1985, I was a bright-eyed girl heading off to Howard University, aiming at a legal career and dreaming of sitting on a Supreme Court bench somewhere. Twenty-one years later I am still a bright-eyed dreamer and one with quite a different tale to tell.
My grandma, an amazing woman, graduated from college at the age of 65. She was the first in our family to reach that goal. But one year after I started college, she developed cancer. I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for her. It meant that school and my personal dream would have to wait.
Then I got married with another dream: building my family with a combination of adopted and biological children. In 1999, we adopted our first son. To lay eyes on him was fantastic---and very emotional. A year later came our second adopted boy. Then followed son No. 3. In 2003, I gave birth to another boy.
You can imagine how fully occupied I became, raising four boys under the age of 8. Our home was a complete zoo---a joyous zoo. Not surprising, I never did make it back to college full-time. But I never gave up on the dream either. I had only one choice: to find a way. That meant taking as few as one class each semester.
The hardest part was feeling guilty about the time I spent away from the boys. They often wanted me to stay home with them. There certainly were times I wanted to quit, but I knew I should set an example for them to follow through the rest of their lives.
In 2007, I graduated from the University of North Carolina. It took me over 21 years to get my college degree！
I am not special, just single-minded. It always struck me that when you’re looking at a big challenge from the outside it looks huge, but when you’re in the midst of it, it just seems normal. Everything you want won’t arrive in your life on one day. It’s a process. Remember: little steps add up to big dreams.
6. When the author went to Howard University, her dream was to be __________.
A. a writer B. a teacher C. a judge D. a doctor
7. Why did the author quit school in her second year of college?
A. She wanted to study by herself.
B. She fell in love and got married.
C. She suffered from a serious illness.
D. She decided to look after her grandma.
8. What can we learn about the author from Paragraphs 4 and 5?
A. She was busy yet happy with her family life.
B. She ignored her guilty feeling for her sons.
C. She wanted to remain a full-time housewife.
D. She was too confused to make a correct choice.
9. What does the author mostly want to tell us in the last paragraph?
A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Little by little, one goes far.
C. Every coin has two sides. D. Well begun, half done.
10. Which of the following can best describe the author?
A. Caring and determined. B. Honest and responsible.
C. Ambitious and sensitive. D. Innocent and single-minded.
C
Winners Club
You choose to be a winner!
The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers. It has been made to help you better manage your money. The Winners Club is a transaction account (交易账户) where you receive a key – card so you can get to your money 24/7 – that"s 24 hours a day, 7 days aweek!
It"s a club with impressive features for teenagers:
●No account keeping fees!
You"re no millionaire so we don"t expect you to pay large fees. In fact, there are no account keeping or transaction fees!
●Excellent interest rates!
You want your money to grow. The Winners Club has a good rate of interest which gets even better if you make at least two deposits (储蓄) without taking them out in a month.
●Convenient
Teenagers are busy – we get that. You may never need to come to a bank at all. With the Winners Club you can choose to use handy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internet ... You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account. This could be your pocket money or your pay from your part – time job!
●Mega magazine included
Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money. There are also fantastic offers and competitions only for Winners Club members.
The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers. And it is so easy to join. Simply fill in an application form. You will have to get permission from your parent or guardian (so we can organize that cool key-card) but it is easy. We can"t want to hear from you. It"s the best way to choose to be a winner!
11. The Winners Club is a bank account intended for _________.
A. parents B. teenagers C. winners D. adults
12. Which of the following is TRUE about the Winners Club?
A. Special gifts are ready for parents.
B. The bank opens only on work days.
C. Services are convenient for its members.
D. Fees are necessary for the account keeping.
13. The Winners Club provides magazines which _________.
A. encourage spending B. are free to all teenagers
C. are full of adventure stories D. help to make more of your money
14. If you want to be a member of the Club, you must _________.
A. be an Internet user B. be permitted by your parent
C. have a big sum of money D. be in your twenties
15. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To set up a club. B. To provided part – time jobs.
C. To organize key – cards. D. To introduce a new banking service.
In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources, the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we should keep the healthy while using its supply of natural resources.
Today, sustainable development is a popular trend in many countries. According to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade. China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy resolution. It is now trying hard to made full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains. In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil(棕榈油), which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown more than 50%.
Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions(排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy. Besides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. Finally, governments can avoid the huge public expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from the traditional model to a sustainable one.
The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population within the limits of this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.
16. The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that____.
A. it makes the world warmer B. it consumes natural resources
C. it brings severe damage to future D. it makes growth hard to continue
17. What can we infer from Paragraph2?
A. China lacks wind and solar energy.
B. China is the leader of the low-carbon market.
C. High-speed trains are a low-carbon development.
D. Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests.
18. To fully develop the low-carbon markets governments can______.
A. cut public expenses B. forbid carbon emissions
C. develop public resources D. encourage energy conservation
19. We can learn from the last paragraph that businesses have many chances to _______.
A. develop sustainable products B. explore new natural resources
C. make full use of natural resources D. deal with the major challenge
20. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce a new business model B. To compare two business models
C.To predict a change of the global markets D. To advocate sustainable development
D
In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources, the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we should keep the healthy while using its supply of natural resources.
Today, sustainable development is a popular trend in many countries. According to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade. China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy resolution. It is now trying hard to made full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains. In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil(棕榈油), which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown more than 50%.
Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions(排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy. Besides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. Finally, governments can avoid the huge public expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from the traditional model to a sustainable one.
The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population within the limits of this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.
16. The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that____.
A. it makes the world warmer B. it consumes natural resources
C. it brings severe damage to future D. it makes growth hard to continue
17. What can we infer from Paragraph2?
A. China lacks wind and solar energy.
B. China is the leader of the low-carbon market.
C. High-speed trains are a low-carbon development.
D. Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests.
18. To fully develop the low-carbon markets governments can______.
A. cut public expenses B. forbid carbon emissions
C. develop public resources D. encourage energy conservation
19. We can learn from the last paragraph that businesses have many chances to _______.
A. develop sustainable products B. explore new natural resources
C. make full use of natural resources D. deal with the major challenge
20. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce a new business model B. To compare two business models
C.To predict a change of the global markets D. To advocate sustainable development
第二部分 完形填空 （35*2=70）
A
I met Mrs. Neidl in the ninth grade on a stage-design team for a play and she was one of the directors. Almost instantly I loved her. She had an unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking, 21 she was encouraging and inspiring. For some reason, she was impressed with my work and me.
Mrs. Neidl would ask me for my 22 . She wanted to know how I thought we should 23 things. At first I had no idea how to answer because I knew 24 about stage design! But I slowly began to respond to her 25 . It was cause and effect: She believed I had opinions, so I began to 26 them. She trusted me to complete things, so I completed them perfectly. She loved how 27 I was, so I began to show up to paint more and more. She believed in me, so I began to believe in myself.
Mrs. Neidl"s 28 that year was, 'Try it. We can always paint over it 29 !'I began to take 30 . I had been so afraid of failing but suddenly there was no failing-----only things to be 31 upon. I learned to dip my brush into the paint and 32 create something.
The shy, quiet freshman achieved success that year. I was 33 in the program as 'Student Art Assistant' because of the time and effort I"d put in. It was that year that I 34 I wanted to spend the rest of my life doing stage design.
Being on that stage-design team 35 Mrs. Neidl changed me completely. Not only was I stronger and more competent than I had thought, but I also 36 a strong interest and a world I hadn"t known existed. She taught me not to 37 what people think I should do: She taught me to take chances and not be 38 . Mrs. Neidl was my comforter when I was upset. Her 39 in me has inspired me to do things that I never imagined 40 .
21. A. and B. yet C. so D. for
22. A. opinion B. impression C. information D. intention
23. A. make B. keep C. handle D. change
24. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
25. A. questions B. comments C. explanations D. remarks
26. A. hold B. follow C. evaluate D. form
27. A. happy B. lively C. reliable D. punctual
28. A. message B. motto C. saying D. suggestion
29. A. again B. more C. instead D. later
30. A. steps B. control C. charge D. risks
31. A. improved B. acted C. looked D. reflected
32. A. easily B. carefully C. confidently D. proudly
33. A. introduced B. recognized C. identified D. considered
34. A. confirmed B. decided C. realized D. acknowledged
35. A. with B. below C. of D. by
36. A. developed B. discovered C. took D. fostered
37. A. accept B. care C. Judge D. wonder
38. A. bored B. lazy C. sad D. afraid
39. A. trust B. patience C. curiosity D. interest
40. A. accessible B. enjoyable C. possible D. favorable
B
Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 41 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 42 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business— 43 that the customer remains a customer.
44 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing 45 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.
Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 46 implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big 47 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to 48 increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.
In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 49 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in 50 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).
The logic behind cultivating customer 51 is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to 52 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 53 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 54 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 55 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.
41. A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all
42.A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe
43.A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving
44.A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing
45.A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses
46. A. cultural B. social C. financial D. economical
47. A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. difference
48. A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget
49. A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary
50.A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable
51. A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest
52. A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting
53. A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected
54.A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive
55.A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient
第三部分 语法填空（20*1=20）
A
Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and have more respectable jobs. But in the executive(主管的) circle, (56)________ can become a disadvantage.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is (57)________(harm) to a woman. Handsome male executives are considered to have more honesty than plainer men; effort and ability usually lead (58)________ their success. Attractive female executives are considered to have less honesty than unattractive (59)________ ; people do not connect their success with ability (60)________ with factors such as luck. All unattractive women executives are thought to have more honesty and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. However, interestingly, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes (61)________ (connect) more to personal relationships and less to ability.
Attractive women are not thought to be able. This is true even in politics. Anne Bowman, a writer, (62)________ recently made a study, asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in the order of attractiveness. And then the students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote (63)________them. The results showed that attractive males (64)________(complete) defeated unattractive men, but the women (65)________ (rank) most attractive by the students unchangeably received the fewest votes.
B
“Put yourself in someone else"s shoes.” is (66)________idiom that means if you imagine yourself to be in another person"s position, good or bad, you may understand how they feel, good or bad, or why they have done (67)________ they"ve done.
This idiom comes from the fact (68)________ a pair of perfectly fitting shoes for someone may not fit another person as perfectly. So, literally, only if you put (69)________ another person"s shoes can you feel how it is to walk in(70)________．
Metaphorically speaking, “their shoes” stands for other people"s position. A local boy is detained(扣留) by the police(71)________ a theft, and one of his friends might (72)________ (private) say to himself: “I wouldn"t want to be in his shoes now.” That is, he doesn"t want(73)________ (put) into prison for stealing.
By trying to “put on their shoes”, we try to imagine ourselves in(74)________ situation, by seeing things from their point of view, by thinking about how we would want to be treated if we were them.
Harper Lee, of course, (75)________(express) this idea best in To Kill a Mockingbird: “You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view—until you climb inside of his skin and walk around in it.”
第四部分 短文改错 （20*1=20）
A
Once, a man got on a bus to New York. Because he did not want to pay, so he hid in the toilet. But a passenger saw her. She tapped the person in front of her on the shoulder and say, “There’s a bum in toilet. Tell the bus driver.” The message was passing on from person to person. But somewhere along the way, it was changed. The bus driver told that there was a bomb in the toilet. He immediate stopped the bus and telephoned the police. When the police came, they told the passengers to get off the bus or stay far away. Then they closed the highway. As a result, a traffic jam of 15 mile long was soon caused. In the help of a dog, the police searched for two hours. Of course they found no tomb.
B
One day Rosa wrote to her friend, who was a doctor, invite him to have dinner with her families. A few days later the doctor wrote back to her but she couldn’t read his writing because the letters were written careless. Then she asked her husband for the help, but he couldn’t read it, too. Then her husband got an idea. He told her that a chemist might be able read the doctor’s letter. So the woman went to chemist’s. The chemist in the shop studied the letter for a long time but he gave her a large bottle of medicine. He told the woman she would eat twelve pills a day. Finally Rosa still had no idea whether her friend will come or not.
河南省2015届高三英语入学定位考试答案
